╫Hawes, Harriet Ann Boyd1871╨1945archaeologistBorn in Boston on October 11, 1871, Harriet Boyd graduated from the Prospect Hill School in Greenfield, Massachusetts, in 1888 and from Smith College in 1892. For four years she taught ancient and modern languages, first as a private tutor in Henderson, North Carolina, and then at a girls╒ school in Wilmington, Delaware. In 1896 she entered the American School of Classical Studies in Athens. Recent archaeological finds in Crete had inspired her to take up studies there, but she found no encouragement for her ambition to do field work. From the Agnes Hoppin fellowship awarded her in her fourth year she saved money to finance a trip to Crete. She visited the excavation at Knossos being worked by British archaeologist Arthur J. Evans, who suggested she explore the region about Kavousi. The discovery of some Iron Age tombs there provided material for her master╒s thesis; the degree was awarded her by Smith in 1901. She had since 1900 held an instructorship in Greek archaeology, epigraphy, and modern Greek at Smith, and she retained the appointment until 1906, although in 1903 and 1904 she was again on leave of absence to be in the field on Crete. From May 1901 Hawes╒ interest centered on a rich site she discovered at Gournia, an outlying district of Kavousi. She was the first archaeologist to discover and completely excavate an Early Bronze Age Minoan town site, and her work there won her worldwide fame. In 1904 Cretan authorities permitted her to ship to the American Exploration Society a small selection of artifacts unearthed at Gournia; these eventually entered the collections of the Metropolitan Museum in New York, the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, and the University Museum in Philadelphia. Her definitive report on the Gournia excavation was published by the American Exploration Society as Gournia, Vasiliki and Other Prehistoric Sites on the Isthmus of Hierapetra, Crete, 1908. In March 1906 Harriet Boyd married Charles H. Hawes, a British anthropologist. They lived in Madison, Wisconsin, in 1907╨1909, in Hanover, New Hampshire, in 1910╨1917, and in Boston from 1919 to 1936. Her husband collaborated with her on her popular Crete: The Forerunner of Greece, 1909, but for several years thereafter she abandoned scholarly work. She had earlier served as a volunteer nurse during the Greco╨Turkish War in 1897 and in the Spanish╨American War in 1898, and during World War I she nursed Serbian soldiers on Corfu and in 1917 organized and led a Smith College Relief Unit to France. From 1920 to 1936 she lectured on pre-Christian art at Wellesley College. In 1936 she and her husband retired to a farm in Alexandria, Virginia. She died in Washington, D.C., on March 31, 1945. ■styl ` ! ¬ 5¬ " 5¬ 1 !I ├ 5¬ ─ !I Y !I ¬ !I « !I ═ !I 5¬ !I link `
